After 40 years, the theory of HiTc cuprate superconductivity is still in a somewhat unsettled state. It is often stated that no concensus has been reached and parts of the phase diagram such as the pseudogap is commonly described as enigmatic. Neverthess, I shall argue that a great deal of progress has been made by the collective community. Strong pairing that originates from repulsion may have been considered heresy 40 years ago: now it is casually accepted as routine. Formal theories such as gauge theories have become part of the condensed matter tool box, leading to deep understanding of emergent phenomena in systems such as quantum spin liquid. Strong correlation physics has taken center stage in many other platforms, notably in flat band systms such as twisted graphene and TMD. Numerical methods have also seen great advances. I shall try to throw a positive light on these developments and comment on the remaing tough problems which will keep us busy for the next 40 years.